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KMID : 1172020170180020039
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Journal of Korean Bioethics Association
2017 Volume.18 No. 2 p.39 ~ p.56
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A study on reform of domestic law related to human embryo genome editing - Focusing on the contents of the related foreign regulation -
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Ryoo Hwa-Shin
Lee Min-Kyu
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Abstract
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ome editing (also called gene editing) is a group of technologies that give scientists the ability to change an organism"s DNA. These technologies allow genetic material to be added, removed, or altered at particular locations in the genome. Several approaches to genome editing have been developed. A recent one is known as CRISPR-Cas9, which is short for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has generated a lot of excitement in the scientific community because it is faster, cheaper, more accurate, and more efficient than other existing genome editing methods. Genome editing is of great interest in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Currently, most research on genome editing is done to understand diseases using cells and animal models. Scientists are still working to determine whether this approach is safe and effective for use in people. It is being explored in research on a wide variety of diseases, including single-gene disorders such as cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and sickle cell disease. It also holds promise for the treatment and prevention of more complex diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, mental illness, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Ethical concerns arise when genome editing, using technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, is used to alter human genomes. Changes made in the genes of an embryo could be passed to future generations. Embryo genome editing bring up a number of ethical challenges, including whether it would be permissible to use this technology to enhance normal human traits. This study examines the ethical and social issues related to human embryo genome editing, the contents of the related foreign legislations, and the reform of domestic law.
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KEYWORD
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Human embryo, Genome editing, CRISPR-Cas9, Regulation of gene therapy, Bioethics Law
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